Design

In the United Kingdom, the design of steel pile walls and steel bearing piles should be determined using the limit state design requirements set out in Eurocode and their execution standards. Further requirements in British Standards are given for quay walls, jetties and dolphins and also non-contradictory requirements for earth retaining structures and foundations.

The intended use of piles determines the design process to be used, it is also important that the designer fully considers the long term performance of the structure, both in the choice of structural form and in the design of construction. Further design information can be found through the following links

Retaining Walls
Bearing Piles
Durability

Design Codes

Principal References	Steel Pile Walls	Steel Bearing Piles
BS EN 1997-1: 2013 Eurocode 7: Geotechnical Design – Part 1 General rules
NA to BS EN 1997-1: 2013 UK National Annex to Eurocode 7: Geotechnical Design – Part 1 General rules
BS EN 1993-5: 2007 Eurocode 3 Design of Steel Structures – Part 5: Piling
NA to BS EN 1993-5: 2007 Eurocode 3 Design of Steel Structures – Part 5: Piling
BS 6349-2 : 2010 Maritime Works: Part 2 - Code of practice for the design of quay walls, jetties and dolphins
BS 6349-1-3:2012 Maritime works. General. Code of practice for geotechnical design
BS 8002 : 2015 Code of Practice for Earth Retaining Structures
BS 8004 : 2015 Code of Practice for Foundations

Execution Codes

Principal References	Steel Pile Walls	Steel Bearing Piles
BS EN 12063:1999 Execution of special geotechnical work - sheet pile walls
BS EN 12699: 2015 Execution of special geotechnical work - displacement piles
BS EN 1090-2:2008+A1:2011 Execution of steel structures and aluminium structures. Technical requirements for steel structures

Material Codes

Principal References	Steel Pile Walls	Steel Bearing Piles
BS EN 10248-1:1996 Hot rolled sheet piling of non alloy steels. Technical delivery conditions
BS EN 10248-2:1996 Hot rolled sheet piling of non alloy steels. Tolerances on shape and dimensions
BS EN 10025-1: 2004 Hot rolled products of structural steels. General technical delivery conditions
BS EN10210-1: 2006 Hot finished structural hollow sections of non-alloy and fine grain steels. Technical delivery requirements

Specifications

Principal References	Steel Pile Walls	Steel Bearing Piles
ICE Specification of Piling and Embedded Retaining Walls (SPERWall) 3rd Ed, 2016
Highway Works Specification Series 1600 Piling and Embedded Walls

Guidance

Principal References	Steel Pile Walls	Steel Bearing Piles
CIRIA C760 (2017) Guidance on embedded retaining wall design
CIRIA C634 (2005) Management of accelerated low water corrosion in steel maritime structures
SCI Steel Designers' Manual 7th Ed (2012)
SCI P156 Steel Bearing Piles Guide (1997)
SCI P335 H-Pile Design Guide (2005)
SCI P275 Steel Intensive Basements (2005)
ArcelorMittal Piling Handbook 9th Edition (2016)
ICE Manual of Geotechnical Engineering (2012)
Recommendations of the Committee for Waterfront Structures, Harbours and Waterways, Eighth Edition, German Society for Geotechnics (DGGT)
Recommendations on Excavations EAB Third Edition, German Society for Geotechnics (DGGT)
API Recommended Practice 2A-WSD (2014)
API Recommended Practice 2A-LRFD (1997)
ISO 19902 : 2007 Petroleum and natural gas industries - Fixed steel offshore structures